little about democracy, may complete but not too. and this is also the result of several blogs neighbors.
I apologize in advance if there ere, and is the result of translation. from my previous blog.
 B. STATE OF ECONOMIC FUTURE LIBERAL INDONESIAAlthough Indonesia has been independent but Indonesian Economic conditions are still very poor. Attempts to change the structure of the colonial economy to the national economy in accordance with the spirit of the Indonesian people to walk haltingly.Factors that cause stuttering economic circumstances are as follows.     After recognition of the sovereignty of the Netherlands on December 27, 1949, the Indonesian people bear the brunt of the economic and financial as specified in the RTC. The load in the form of foreign debt by 1.5 trillion dollars and a domestic debt of 2.8 trillion dollars.     Deficit to be borne by the Government at that time of 5.1 billion.     Indonesia only rely on one type of export mainly agricultural crops and plantations so that when the demand for exports from the sector decreases will hit the Indonesian economy.     Political finance Indonesian government is not made in Indonesia it was designed by the Dutch.     The Dutch government did not inherit values sufficient to transform the colonial economic system into a system of national economy.


    Population growth and the welfare of the poor.

LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA STATES NUMBER 7 1950
ABOUT
AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA become STATES CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA STATES,
Considering:
· People A.bahwa areas throughout Indonesia section requires the structure of state-unitary republic;
· B. that sovereignty is in the hands of the People;
· C. that State which is a republic-is its actual unity is none other than the State of Indonesia which was proclaimed their independence by the people on the day of August 17, 1945, which was originally a republic-unity and then become a republic federation;
· D. that in order to carry out the will of the people's will form a unitary republic that the regions of East Indonesia and East Sumatra authorize the State Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government fully to bermusjawarat regions of the Republic of Indonesia;
· E. that has now been achieved an agreement between the two parties in permusjawaratan it, so as to fulfill the will of the people, came the high time to change the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, according to an agreement which has been achieved it become Constitution While the State which is a republic-unity with the name of the Republic Indonesia;
·
· Given: 1. Article 190, Article 127 and Article 191 chapter a paragraph 2 of the Constitution;
· 2. Recalling also: Charter Agreement, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia on May 19, 1950;
TEMPORARY Constitution 1950
· Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, known as 1950, is the constitution in force in the Republic of Indonesia since August 17, 1950 until the issuance of Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959.
1950 stipulated by Act No. 7 of 1950 on the Amendment of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia into the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, in the First Session of the 3rd round of the 71st Meeting of the House RIS dated August 14, 1950 in Jakarta.
This constitution is called "temporary", because only temporary, pending the results of the election of the Constituent Assembly elections will draft a new constitution. 1955 General Election to elect a Constituent democratically, but the Assembly failed to form a new constitution to be protracted. On July 5, 1959, President Sukarno issued Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959, which contains, among other re-enactment of the 1945 Constitution.

Guided Democracy
Guided democracy is a democracy that could exist in Indonesia, the entire decision and thought centered on the leader alone.
Background initiation system by President Sukarno's Guided Democracy:

In terms of security: The number of separatist movements in the period of liberal democracy, causing instability in the security field.
In terms of economy: Often the change of cabinet in the period of liberal democracy led to programs designed by the cabinet can not be executed in full, so the stalled economic development.
Politically: Constituent failed in drafting a new constitution to replace the 1950

Guided Democracy period initiated by President Soekarno preceded by his suggestion that the Act is used to replace the 1950 is UUD'45. However, the proposal raises the pros and cons among the constituent members. As a follow-up proposal, held a vote, followed by all the constituent members. Voting is done in order to resolve conflicts arising from the pros and cons will be the proposal of President Sukarno.

Voting results showed that:

     269 people agreed to return to UUD'45
     119 people did not agree to return to UUD'45


Judging from the results of voting, the proposal to return to UUD'45 can not be realized. This is caused by a number of constituent members who approved the proposal does not reach the 2/3 part, as set out in Article 137 1950.

Starting from this, President Sukarno issued a decree called the Presidential Decree of 5 July 1959. The contents of the Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959:

     Not valid return 1950
     Re-enactment of the 1945 Constitution
     dissolution of the constituent
     MPRS formation and DPAs


PKI welcome "Guided Democracy" warm and Sukarno with the assumption that the CPI has Konsepsi alliance between nationalism, religion (Islam) and communism called NASAKOM.

Between 1959 and 1965, the United States provided 64 million dollars in military aid to the Indonesian military generals. According to a report in "Indonesian Youth Voices": Before the end of 1960, the United States has completed the 43 battalion of the armed forces. Each year the US trained military officers right wing. Between 1956 and 1959, more than 200 high-ranking officers have been trained in the US, and hundreds of low-ranking officers are trained every year. Head of the Agency for International Development in America said that US aid, of course, not to support Sukarno and that the US has trained a large number of officers of the armed forces and civilians who want to form a unit to make Indonesia a "free country".

In 1962, the struggle for West Irian by the Indonesian military had the full support of the PKI leadership, along with the suppression of the resistance of indigenous populations.

Era of "Guided Democracy", which is a collaboration between the PKI leadership and the national bourgeoisie in suppressing the independent movement of the workers and peasants, failed to solve the problems of political and economic imperative. Declining export earnings, foreign exchange reserves declined, inflation continues to rise and the bureaucratic and military corruption became endemic.
   Deviations Guided Democracy

Starting sejal issuance Supersemar on 11 March 1966. Guided Democracy in Indonesia is meant by Sukarno as a democracy that suits the personality of the nation, which is different from the liberal democratic system is a product of the west, but in practice, Guided Democracy experienced a wide shape deviations .Penyimpangan-deviation is caused by the concentration of political power in the President Soekarmo. The era of 1959 to 1966 is the Sukarno era, when keijakan-strongly influence the policies of President Sukarno of Indonesia's political condition
Deviation Deviation-Government In The Guided Democracy
Presidential Decree issued July 5, 1959 by President Sukarno intended to implement the national living in Indonesia consistent with the 1945 Constitution, but in practice, especially President Sukarno government did a lot of irregularities against the 1945 Constitution itself, including the following:

A. Irregularities in the Field of Domestic Policy
1. Majaran Nasakom (Nationalism, Religion, Communism
2. Powers of the President run arbitrary; this happens because of the power of the MPR, DPR, and DPA which at that time was not yet formed implemented by the President
3. MPRS set Oresiden become president for life; this is not in accordance with the provisions of the presidential term.
4. The People's Consultative Assembly and the House leadership was given the status as a minister; thus, the Assembly and the House of Representatives under the President.
5. Chairman of the Supreme Court granted the status of ministers; This is a perversion of the principle that judicial power is an independent power.
6. The President made a determination that it should be regulated by law (which must be made with the House); thus the President exceeded his authority.
7. Establishment of state institutions that are not regulated in the Constitution, namely the National Front.
8. President dissolve the House of Representatives; whereas according to the constitution, the president can not dissolve the House of Representatives>
B. Irregularities in the Field of Foreign Policy
1. Political confrontation with the division of the world into two parts, namely Oldefo (Old Establishes Forces / imperialist capitalist countries) and Nefo (New Emerging Forces / Countries progressive revolutionary)
2. Implement politics Lighthouse (construction giant projects, Senayan sports complex, Jakarta by pass, National Monument, Bridge Ampera)
3. Organize Ganefo (Games of the New Emerging Forces) are mostly participants are communist countries
4. Establish a Jakarta-Beijing Axis
Termasuuk guided democracy in presidential demokraasi.
Disadvantages:
· Happened concentration of power pd president and weak supervision of the people.

     The term of office the cabinet is not specified
     The head of state is inviolable, because the charge was the minister

· Concerned party's strength in Parliament
Pros:
· The existence of a stable government, because they can not be dissolved by the Parliament, and government runs on both
· There is no vote of no confidence from the parliament
· Parliament can dismiss the cabinet when considered deviant

english assignment

11. Paragraph Patterns in the English Language Text


1.  Information Sharing Based on Subtopic
A Good paragraphs usually have only one topic , tapi sometimes - sometimes have a prayer OR AN Topics Hobbies subtopics . cont Notice Oh following initials .


         The people in the United States speak the same language as the people in Great Britain. However, American English is different from British English in many ways. First, the sounds of American English are different from the sound of British English. For example, most Americans pronounce the ‘r’ in the word ‘car’ but most Britons do not. Most Americans pronounce the ‘dictionary’ like this /dik-shun-ar-y/, but the British pronounce it like this /dik-shun-ry/. Some spellings are also different. People in Britain write ‘colour’ and ‘centre’, but people in the United States write ‘color’ and ‘center’. Finally some words are different. People in the United States use ‘gasoline’ in their cars, but people in Britain use ‘petrol’. Gasoline and petrol are the same thing, but the Americans and the British use diferent words for it.

In the above example the author develops the topic of the paragraph by using three subtopics : sounds , Spellings and words. If the above paragraph is described by a diagram then he will be like this .

Differences between American and British English

Sounds

spellings
Words
American English pronounce the ‘r’ in car.
British English: colour and centre
American English: gasoline
British English do not pronounce the ‘r’ in car.
American English: color and center
British English: petrol

2. Dividing Information Based on Level of generality      
 Normally a paragraph begins with general information and then developed with providing information that is more specific . Consider the following example .


      There are basically two types of families: nuclear family and extended family. The nuclear family usually consists of two parents (mother and father) and their children. The mother and father from the nucleus, or center , of the nuclear family. The children stay in the nuclear family until they marry. Then they form new nuclear family.

If a paragraph in the above example we describe is based on the level of keumumam information contained in it , then we can make the following diagram .

Level 1
There are basically two types of families: nuclear family and extended family

Level 2
The nuclear family usually consists of two parents (mother and father) and their children

Level 3
The mother and father from he nucleus, or center, of the nuclear family

The children stay in the nuclear family until they marry

Then they form new nuclear family


As shown in the diagram above , paragraph can not be divided into sections based on the level of generality of information in it . At one level there is general information and continued with more specific information on subsequent levels .

3.  Based on the information divide the time , place and Causal Association

            Various methods were used by the authors to organize information in a paragraph . Sometimes the information in a paragraph arranged in chronological order , based on the spot , or by the order of causation .
Consider the following example .


         Rent control began fairly recently in the United States. Few American cities had rent control before World War II. During World War II, the U.S. government imposed rent control on all the cities in the U.S. After World War II, only one city –New York- continued rent control. At the beginning of the 1980s nearly one-fifth of the people in the US lived in cities with rent control.

As can be seen in the example above information in paragraphs arranged in chronological order . If the above paragraph we divide by the time sequence information we will get a diagram like the one below .


Time

Information about rent control
Before World War II
Few cities had rent control
During World War II
All cities had rent control
After World War II
Only New York continued rent control
Beginning of 1980s
Nearly one-fifth of the people in the US lived in cities with rent control

           Most paragraph is based on information about the place (place ) such as city , county , state , location and other geo-located so forth . Consider the following example .

         The cost of renting an apartment varies from one American city to another. In most cities, the rent for one-bedroom apartment is more than $250 per month. In some smaller cities such as Louisville, Kentuky or Jacksonville, Florida, the rent is less, but in larger cities the rent is more. For example, if you live in Los Angeles, you must pay $400 or more to rent a one-bedroom apartment, and the same apartment rents for $625 and up in Chicago. The most expensive rents in the U.S. are in New York, where you must pay at least $700 a month to rent a one-bedroom apartment in most parts of the city.

The information in the paragraph above example is based on the arrangement of the place and the price of rental apartments ranging from cheap to expensive . If we describe the pattern of development in the above paragraph will we get the following diagram .


Place

Rent for One-bedroom Apartment
Most American cities
> $ 250
Smaller cities
e.g. Louisville
       Jacksonville
< $ 250
Larger cities
e.g. Los Angeles
       Chicago
       New York
> $ 250
> $ 400
> $ 625
> $ 700

There is also a paragraph which is based on information causality ( cause and result ) . Consider the following example .

         The price of shoes are related to the number of shoes the producers make. For example, the price of shoes was high last month, so the shoe producers made more shoes. However, the consumers did not buy more shoes because of the high price. As a result, the shoe producers reduced the price of the shoes so that the consumers could buy more shoes. At the same time, the shoe producers reduced their production of shoes because the prices went down.

As can be seen in the above example is based on the information in paragraphs causal relations by using words appropriate special link like ' Because ' , ' so' and ' as a result ' . If the above paragraph we have described in a diagram we will get the diagram as shown below .


Cause
Results

Price of shoes (up)
Shoe production (up)
High price
Consumer did not buy more
Consumer did not buy more
Price of shoes (down)
Price of shoes (down)
Consumer could buy more
Price of shoes (down)
Shoe production (down)

11. Paragraph Patterns in the English Language Text


1.  Information Sharing Based on Subtopic
A Good paragraphs usually have only one topic , tapi sometimes - sometimes have a prayer OR AN Topics Hobbies subtopics . cont Notice Oh following initials .


         The people in the United States speak the same language as the people in Great Britain. However, American English is different from British English in many ways. First, the sounds of American English are different from the sound of British English. For example, most Americans pronounce the ‘r’ in the word ‘car’ but most Britons do not. Most Americans pronounce the ‘dictionary’ like this /dik-shun-ar-y/, but the British pronounce it like this /dik-shun-ry/. Some spellings are also different. People in Britain write ‘colour’ and ‘centre’, but people in the United States write ‘color’ and ‘center’. Finally some words are different. People in the United States use ‘gasoline’ in their cars, but people in Britain use ‘petrol’. Gasoline and petrol are the same thing, but the Americans and the British use diferent words for it.

In the above example the author develops the topic of the paragraph by using three subtopics : sounds , Spellings and words. If the above paragraph is described by a diagram then he will be like this .

Differences between American and British English

Sounds

spellings
Words
American English pronounce the ‘r’ in car.
British English: colour and centre
American English: gasoline
British English do not pronounce the ‘r’ in car.
American English: color and center
British English: petrol